Adopted in 1992. The flag of Turkmenistan has a green field with a vertical red stripe near the hoist side, containing five tribal guls (designs used in producing carpets) stacked above two crossed olive branches. Five white stars and a white crescent moon appear in the upper corner of the field just to the fly side of the red stripe. The green color and crescent moon represent Islam. The five stars symbolize the regions or welayats of Turkmenistan. The guls reflect the national identity of Turkmenistan where carpet-making has long been a part of traditional nomadic life. (ref: CIA World Factbook)