Adopted in 1918; The flag of Estonia consists of three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), black, and white. Various interpretations are linked to the flag colors. Blue represents faith, loyalty, and devotion, while also reminiscent of the sky, sea, and lakes of the country. Black symbolizes the soil of the country and the dark past and suffering endured by the Estonian people. White refers to the striving towards enlightenment and virtue, and is the color of birch bark and snow, as well as summer nights illuminated by the midnight sun.